The Tarim Basin and Turkmenistan areas are exciting discoveries I have dealt with in many other books. Tocharian is related to Luwian and it is even possible that Luwian (Crete) script is on the stones at 2200 feet below the surface of the Gulf of Mexico according to side scan sonar pictures of that most important and yet to be visited site. Crete and Tarim connections are all over the world and I hope this little portion of some linguists work is helpful to my readers. The Tocharian is one of the recently discovered Indo-European languages (at the beginning of the XX century) in texts coming from Chinese Turkestan. Such texts were easy to decipher, because of their being written in a variant of the Braahmii alphabet (one of the three Sanskrit alphabets, the alphabet currently used is called Devanaagarii), and also, because they were all translations of known Buddhist scriptures. Lately, the British specialist W. N. Henning suggested that the Tocharian people were the Gutian ones (or something like that, very difficult to translate), which are mentioned (in Akkadian, a Semitic language) on some cuneiform inscriptions of Babylon. Those inscriptions are a bit more than 4000 years old, when the king Sargon was raising up the first great Mesopotamian empire. If the Henning's opinions are right, then, the Tocharian people would be the first Indo-European people appearing in the historical documents of the Near East. Lexical likeness among Tocharian and Italian-Celtic languages proves that the inhabitants belonging to both of linguistic families shared the Indo-European homeland before the Tocharian people undertook their emigration toward the East. Nowadays the diverse paths followed by the human migrations and the linguistic transformation can be traced to the extent of reaching the Indo-European protolanguage in its own homeland. The aforesaid tracing is possible as a result of the review of phonological canons. When the consonantal system of the European protolanguage was revised, the ways of transformation which produce the historical Indo-European languages were put in doubt too. According to recent investigations, the reconstruction of the protolanguage's consonants shows it is more similar to the Germanic, Armenian and Hittite languages than to those of the Sanskrit branch. These findings reverse the classic conception that the sound system of the Germanic, Armenian and Hittite languages would have gone through a continuous alteration, while the original sound system had been conserved faithfully in Sanskrit. Linguistics was born from the study of the superfamily of Indo-European languages (about half of the world's population has an Indo-European language as mother tongue). During the last two centuries, the linguists have rebuilt the vocabulary and syntax of the Indo-European protolanguage. Early investigations located its origin in Europe. Those investigations indicated migratory routes by which the daughter tongues would have developed till they grouped in two well defined branches: Eastern and Western. Here we can see the different migrations. There are three Eastern branches: toward Central Asia, India and Iran. There are mainly two Western branches: one going directly toward Greece and the other surrounding the Caspian Sea. This surrounding branch has given rise to the most of Western languages. (6) Casiberia and the city (Iberia) now called Tiflis are central to the genetic coming of the white people as well as all the Iberian corporate enterprises of the De Danaan and Phoenicians whose Hittite/Hatti and Berber/Stuart or other elite families include the Benjaminites like Joseph of Arimathaea. It is widely accepted that the Phoenicians gave all peoples of the Mediterranean their alphabets but even more than that is true if you go back further to Ogham and the runic fupark which is a central symbol in Old European as I have shown in a book called From Om to Ogham. |
